Collateral times

Collateral Crises⇤

Short-term collateralized debt, private money, is efficient if agents are willing to lend without producing costly information about the collateral backing the debt. When the economy relies on such informationally-insensitive debt, firms with low quality collateral can borrow, generating a credit boom and an increase in output. Financial fragility is endogenous; it builds up over time as inform...

Collateral circulation.

BACKGROUND The collateral circulation plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia. Current knowledge of the collateral circulation remains sparse, largely because of prior limitations in methods for evaluation of these diminutive routes of cerebral blood flow. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Anatomic descriptions of the collateral circulation often focus on more proximal anastomoses at...

Collateral Damage

Estimating Collateral Circulation

losses as well as nitroglycerin and digitalis glycosides were applied with favorable effect to cardiovascular risk patients during the perioperative period.1 3 Frequency of myocardial infarctions and of heart failure during the early postoperative period suggest that in coronary artery disease adrenergic overactivity induces myocardial necrosis and augments the surrounding or preceding "twiligh...

Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction

CONTEXT Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries lead to pain and loss of performance in the thrower's elbow. Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) is a reliable treatment option for the symptomatic, deficient UCL. Injury to the UCL usually occurs because of chronic accumulation of microtrauma, although acute ruptures occur and an acute-on-chronic presentation is also common. EVIDEN...